🔐 Abrir TEXTO DE APOIO (material-base da questão)
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) was first described by Danish surgeon Henrik Kehlet in 1997. The idea behind ERAS was a reduction of postoperative physical and psychological stress, thereby decreasing recovery time and overall financial burden. Bardram looked at nine colorectal surgeries in which patients were treated with a multimodal approach including epidural analgesia, early mobility, and early oral nutrition, which represented the first fast‐track recovery programs described [...].
Preoperative education should aim for achievable goals involving postoperative pain management, physiotherapy, and mobilization. Systemic reviews of preoperative education show a considerable reduction in patient anxiety and emotional stress while also establishing greater patient confidence with higher satisfaction. On the contrary, there is little evidence to support the use of structured preoperative education to reduce postoperative complications, improve pain, or shorten the length of hospital stay. Preoperative education benefited patients with depression, unrealistic expectations, and those with limited support. Discomfort is expected [...], therefore, it is important to manage possible unrealistic expectations that patients may have operative period regardless of any analgesic approach used [...].
The concept of fasting from midnight prior to anesthesia for elective surgeries has been challenged with ERAS programs. Instead, clear fluid has been permitted up to 2 hours prior to induction of anesthesia and solid food has been permitted up to 6 hours prior to induction of anesthesia. Growing evidence suggests there is no patient safety benefit associated with prolonged fasting. For example, fasting for long periods of time can induce a catabolic state, which can increase the stress response to surgery resulting in insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, thereby prolonging the recovery period. However, a more cautious fast has been recommended for the morbidly obese patient and those with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus [...].
Prolonged bed rest postoperatively is associated with increased risk of thromboembolism, pulmonary complications, insulin resistance, and delayed wound healing. Early mobilization and physical therapy are key elements of a successful ERAS protocol. A detailed assessment preoperatively to identify the patient’s expectations and the goals of rehabilitation is important. Physical therapy is recommended on day 0 and as early as 2–6 hours postoperatively as permitted by patient stability. Adequate analgesia with the multimodal approach is vital to enable successful and less distressing early ambulation [...].
QUESTÃO
In the context of the text, in order to maintain the meaning, the underlined words, enhanced, burden, challenged, assessment and enable may be replaced by, respectively:
improved, hardship, questioned, evaluation and facilitate.
fast, difficulty, problematized, access and provide.
fit, problem, corroborated, diagnosis and furnish.
suitable, question, rebutted, opinion and justify.
ready, hazard, refuted, decision and supply.
🔐 Abrir GABARITO
🔐 Abrir QUESTÃO COMENTADA (leitura guiada + pegadinhas)
🧭 Leitura orientada
A questão avalia equivalência lexical em contexto acadêmico, exigindo que o candidato identifique substituições que preservem o sentido original das palavras sublinhadas no texto.
🔍 Análise das palavras em contexto
Observe os termos destacados no texto:
enhanced recovery pathways
overall financial burden
has been challenged
a detailed assessment
to enable successful ambulation
Cada um desses termos aparece em registro formal e deve ser substituído por sinônimos semanticamente equivalentes.
🧠 Núcleo de sentido
✔ enhanced = improved (melhorado).
✔ burden = hardship (ônus, carga).
✔ challenged = questioned (posto em dúvida).
✔ assessment = evaluation (avaliação).
✔ enable = facilitate (tornar possível).
🔍 Análise alternativa por alternativa (com pegadinhas)
(A) ✅ Correta — GABARITO
Todos os termos apresentados mantêm
equivalência semântica precisa
com as palavras do texto, sem alteração de sentido.
(B) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: fast e access
não substituem corretamente os termos originais.
(C) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: corroborated tem sentido oposto a
challenged.
(D) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: justify não equivale a
enable.
(E) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: hazard não corresponde a
burden no contexto.
🧠 Resumo B3GE™ Master
✔ Questão de vocabulário em texto científico.
✔ Substituição deve preservar sentido e registro formal.
✔ Atenção a falsos sinônimos e termos de sentido oposto.
🔎 Gabarito confirmado: (A)