🔐 Abrir TEXTO DE APOIO (material-base da questão)
[...] Tobacco-related deaths and disabilities are on the increase worldwide, because of continued use of tobacco (mainly cigarettes). Tobacco use has reached epidemic proportions in many developing countries, while steady use continues in industrialized nations (Davis 2007; West 2006; DHHS 2004). The following two factors may help to reduce the prevalence of cigarette smoking: (1) 79% to 90% (Coultas 1991) of smokers want to quit smoking (NIH 2006) and (2) 70% of smokers visit a healthcare professional each year (Cherry 2003). Nurses, with the largest number of healthcare providers worldwide, are involved in the majority of these visits and could therefore have a profound effect on the reduction of tobacco use (Percival 2003; Whyte 2003). Systematic reviews (e.g. Lancaster 2004) have confirmed the effectiveness of advice to stop smoking from physicians. The Agency for Health Care Research and Quality Clinical Practice Guideline (AHRQ 2000) notes strong support for physicians to advise smokers to quit. The findings for advice by non-physician clinicians have been weaker, although the guideline recommends that all clinicians provide interventions. A review of nursing's role in smoking cessation is essential if the profession is to endorse the American Nurses Association position – “patient education and preventive healthcare interventions to stop tobacco use should be part of nursing practice” (ANA 1995) [...].
Nursing intervention was defined as the provision of advice, counselling, and/or strategies to help patients quit smoking. The review includes cessation studies that compared usual care with an intervention, brief advice with a more intensive smoking cessation intervention or different types of interventions. Studies of smoking cessation interventions as a part of multifactorial lifestyle counselling or rehabilitation were included only if it was possible to discern the specific nature and timing of the intervention, and to extract data on the outcomes for those who were smokers at baseline. Advice was defined as verbal instructions from the nurse to ‘stop smoking’ whether or not information was provided about the harmful effects of smoking. Interventions were grouped into low and high intensity for comparison. Low intensity was defined as trials where advice was provided (with or without a leaflet) during a single consultation lasting 10 minutes or less with up to one follow-up visit. High intensity was defined as trials where the initial contact lasted more than 10 minutes, there were additional materials (e.g. manuals) and/or strategies other than simple leaflets, and usually participants had more than one follow-up contact. Studies where patients were randomized to receive advice versus advice plus some form of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) were excluded, since these were primarily comparisons of the effectiveness of NRT rather than nursing interventions.
QUESTÃO
The text states that
participants with a medical licenses hould be respondents in the research on fighting smoking.
participants in the nursing intervention trials were selected from the database of the AHRQ 2000.
participants in NRT played a major role in establishing data for measuring effectiveness of nurses.
the American Nurses Association establish the participation of nurses to help people give up smoking.
consultation was deemed high intensity with at most 10 minutes in the first contact and use of manuals.
🔐 Abrir GABARITO
🔐 Abrir QUESTÃO COMENTADA (leitura guiada + pegadinhas)
🧭 Leitura orientada
A questão avalia a compreensão de informação explícita em um texto acadêmico da área da saúde, exigindo atenção às posições institucionais e definições apresentadas.
🔍 Análise do texto
O texto discute o papel dos profissionais de enfermagem na cessação do tabagismo, destacando recomendações oficiais e critérios metodológicos usados em estudos da área.
Um ponto central é a citação da posição da American Nurses Association (ANA), que afirma que:
“patient education and preventive healthcare interventions to stop tobacco use should be part of nursing practice”
Isso indica claramente que a entidade estabelece e endossa a participação ativa de enfermeiros no combate ao tabagismo.
🧠 Núcleo de sentido
✔ O texto apresenta uma posição institucional explícita.
✔ A ANA defende que a atuação dos enfermeiros
deve incluir intervenções para parar de fumar.
✔ Outras informações do texto tratam de metodologia,
não de seleção de participantes ou licenças médicas.
🔍 Análise alternativa por alternativa (com pegadinhas)
(A) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: o texto não afirma que apenas profissionais
com licença médica devam participar das pesquisas.
(B) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: o texto menciona a AHRQ apenas como fonte de diretrizes,
não como base de dados de seleção de participantes.
(C) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: estudos com NRT foram explicitamente
excluídos da análise.
(D) ✅ Correta — GABARITO
O texto afirma que a American Nurses Association
estabelece que a participação dos enfermeiros
para ajudar pessoas a parar de fumar
deve fazer parte da prática de enfermagem.
(E) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: o texto define alta intensidade
como mais de 10 minutos, não “no máximo 10 minutos”.
🧠 Resumo B3GE™ Master
✔ Questão de leitura literal em texto acadêmico.
✔ Atenção às posições institucionais citadas.
✔ ANA endossa intervenções de enfermagem contra o tabagismo.
✔ Cuidado com alternativas que invertem definições técnicas.
🔎 Gabarito confirmado: (D)